The Effectiveness of Verbal Self- Instruction Skills Training on Social Anxiety (Fear of Negative Evaluation, Social Avoidance and Distress in New Situations, Social Avoidance and Distress General) of Shy Students

Document Type : Scientific Articles

Authors

1 associate professor.mohaghegh ardabili university.

2 phd student mohaghegh ardabili university.

3 phd student at aiiameh tabatabai university.

10.22111/jeps.2020.5253

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of verbal self- instruction skills training on social anxiety (fear of negative evaluation, social avoidance and distress in new situations, social avoidance and distress general) of shy students. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all secondary school students in Ardabil during the academic year of 2018-2019. Among them, 40 students with shyness were selected using cluster random sampling method. They were selected as the sample and were replaced in experimental groups (20) and controls (20 people). The experimental group received 10 sessions of verbal self-instruction skills and the control group did not receive any training. Lagresa Social Anxiety of Adolescents Questionnaire (1998) and the Revised Shyness Questionnaire (1983) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance analysis. Findings showed that training of verbal self- instruction skills caused a significant decrease in social anxiety (fear of negative evaluation, social avoidance and distress in new situations, social avoidance and distress general) in schizophrenic students. Therefore, this kind of training can be used to promote the social skills of shy people.

Keywords

References

12.Arroyo , A., Harwood , J. (2011). Communication competence mediates the link between shyness and relational quality. Personality and Individual Differences . 50 (2), 264–267.
13.Dalrymple, K. L., & Zimmerman, M. (2011). Treatment seeking for social anxiety disorder in a general outpatient psychiatry setting. Psychiatry Res, 187(3), 375-381.
14.Davis, C., Patte, K., Levitan, R. D., Carter, J., Kaplan, A. S., Zai, C., Reid, C., Curtis, C., & Kennedy, J. L. (2008). A psychogenetic study of associations between the symptoms of eating disorder and those of attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 33, 217-229.
15.Dogan, O., & Kugu, N. (2004). Social phobia among university students and its relation to self-esteem and body image. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 49(9), 630- 634
16.Fleming, J. & Schmidt, J. (2015). International handbook of occupational therapy interventions. Springer international publishing Switzerland.
17.Gallagher MH, Rabian AB, McCloskey SM. (2014). A brief group cognitive-behavioral int-prevention for social phobia in childhood. J Anxiety Disorder; 18:459-79
18.Hahn, A. M., Simons, R. M., & Simons, J. S. (2016). Childhood maltreatment and sexual risk taking: the mediating role of alexithymia. Archives of sexual behavior, 45(1), 53-62.
19.Heimberg, R. G., Brozovich, F. A., & Rapee, R. M. (2014). A cognitive-behavioral model of social anxiety disorder. In S. G. Hofmann, & P. M. DiBartolo (Eds.). Social anxiety: Clinical, developmental, and social perspectives (3rd edn., pp. 705–728). Waltham, MA: Academic Press.
20.Heiser NA, Turner SM, Beidel DC. (2013). Shy-ness: Relationship to social phobia and other psychiatric disorders. Behave Res Thera-p; 41:209-21.
21.Hertel, P. T., Brozovich, F., Joormann, J., & Gotkib, I. H. (2016). Biases in interpretation and memory in generalized social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117, 287-288.
22.ancua, L., Bodnerb, E., Ben-Zionc, I.Z. (2015). Self-esteem, dependency, self-efficacy and self-criticism in social anxiety disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 58,165-171.
23.Inderbitzen, H. M., and wailers, K. S. (2000). Social Anxiety scale for Adolescents: Normative Data and further Evidence of construed validity. Journal of clinical child psychology, 29.
24.James, K., Verplanken, B., Rimes, K.A. (2015). Self-criticism as a mediator in the relationship between unhealthy perfectionism and distress. Personality and Individual Differences, 79,123 128.
25.Jun, W. H., & Lee, G. (2017). The role of egoresiliency in the relationship between social anxiety and problem solving ability among South Korean nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 49, 17–21.
26.Kingsbury, M. (2014). Social anxiety and interpretation bias in computer mediated contexts. Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs.
27.Løhre, A. (2012). The impact of loneliness on self-rated health symptoms among victimized school children. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health., 6: 20-10.1186/1753-2000-6-20.
28.Marino, C., Vieno, A., Pastore, M., Albery, I. P., Frings, D., & Spada, M. M. (2016). Modeling the contribution of personality, social identity and social norms to problematic Facebook use in adolescents. Addictive behaviors, 63, 51-56.
29.McAleavey, A.A. Castonguay, L.G. & Goldfried, M.R. (2014), Clinical experiences in conducting cognitive behavioral therapy for social phobia. Journal of Behavior Therapy, 45(1): 21- 35.
30.Meltzer, H., Bebbington, P., Dennis, M. S., Jenkins, R., McManus, S., & Brugha, T. S. (2013). Feelings of loneliness among adults with men-tal disorder. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 48(1), 5–13.
31.Nicoline, N., Arnold, A. P., & Morina, N. (2014). The efficacy of metacognitive therapy for anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. J DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY, 31:402411.
32.Rodebaugh TL, Holawa R, Heimberg RG. (2014). The treatment of social anxiety disorder. Clin Psychol Rev: 7:883-908.
33.Porter, E., Chambless, D. L., & Keefe, J. R (2017). Criticism in the Romantic Relationships of Individuals With Social Anxiety. Behavior Therapy, 48(4), 517-532.
34.Schwarzer R, Knoll N. (2017). Functional roles of social support within the stress and coping process: A theoretical and empirical overview. Int J Psychol. 42(4): 243-52.
35.Shapira, L. B., & Mongrain, M. (2010). The benefits of self-compassion and optimism exercises for individuals vulnerable to depression. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5, 377-389.
36.Spencer. J., (2010). "Efficacy and safety of mixed amphetamine salts extended release (Adderall XR) in the management of Oppositional Defiant Disorder with or without comorbid attention- deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in school aged children and adolescents." Clinical Therapeutics, 28,3, 402-418.
37.Thompso, R. Zuroff, D.C. (2004). he Levels of Self-Criticism Scale: comparative selfcriticism and internalized self-criticism. Personality and Individual Differences. 36, 2, 2004, P: 419–430
38.World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). “The skills education project. Geneva”. WHO Technical report series; 370, Vi 93 Page.
39.Zhao, J., Tan, M., Gao, L., & Wang, Y. (2017). Shyness and Loneliness: Contributions of Emotional Intelligence and Social Support. Current Psychology, 1-7.
40.Zhao, J., Song, F., Chen, Q., Li, M., Wang, Y., & Kong, F. (2018). Linking shyness to loneliness in Chinese adolescents: The mediating role of core self-evaluation and social support. Personality and Individual Differences, 125, 140-144.
41.­Zimbardo, P. G. (2010). shyness, Addison-Wesly, New York.
Journal of Educational Psychology Studies
Volume 17, Issue 37
March 2020
Pages 120-99

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics